DOI
10.17077/etd.lrb1o573
Document Type
Dissertation
Date of Degree
Fall 2016
Access Restrictions
Access restricted until 02/23/2021
Degree Name
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)
Degree In
Biostatistics
First Advisor
Jones, Michael P.
First Committee Member
Zamba, Gideon K.D.
Second Committee Member
Wang, Kai
Third Committee Member
Long, Jeffrey D.
Fourth Committee Member
Chan, Kung-Sik
Abstract
A semiparametric proportional likelihood ratio model was proposed by Luo and Tsai (2012) which is suitable for modeling a nonlinear monotonic relationship between the response variable and a covariate. Extending the generalized linear model, this model leaves the probability distribution unspecified but estimates it from the data. In this thesis, we propose to extend this model into analyzing the longitudinal data by incorporating random effects into the linear predictor. By using this model as the conditional density of the response variable given the random effects, we present a maximum likelihood approach for model estimation and inference. Two numerical estimation procedures were developed for response variables with finite support, one based on the Newton-Raphson algorithm and the other one based on generalized expectation maximization (GEM) algorithm. In both estimation procedures, Gauss-Hermite quadrature is employed to approximate the integrals.
Upon convergence, the observed information matrix is estimated through the second-order numerical differentiation of the log likelihood function. Asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator are established under certain regularity conditions and simulation studies are conducted to assess its finite sample properties and compare the proposed model to the generalized linear mixed model. The proposed method is illustrated in an analysis of data from a multi-site observational study of prodromal Huntington's disease.
Public Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative genetic disorder that causes motor abnormalities, mental decline, and behavioral symptoms. Neurobiological Predictors of Huntington's Disease (PREDICT-HD) is an international multisite longitudinal observational study of subjects who are at-risk for HD. Participants' motor, cognition, behavior, function and clinical diagnosis were assessed annually. The total functional capacity (TFC) is a composite score that evaluates participants' function on occupation, handling finances, domestic chores, and activities of daily living, ranging from 0 to 13 with 13 suggesting normal functioning. It has been demonstrated that the TFC is reliable for indicating disease progression. Identifying predictors of TFC decline is an important goal of PREDICT-HD research.
Given the nature of the construction of the TFC, it is problematic to assume this composite score follows some particular distribution. As an example, the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), a common model for longitudinal discrete data, requires specification of the probability distribution, which is restrictive in many cases. In order to relax this constraint, we propose a more flexible model which does not depend on specification of the underlying distribution but estimates it from the data. Our model builds upon the proportional likelihood ratio model proposed by Ruo and Tsai (2012) by incorporating both fixed effects and random effects. The estimation procedure is based on the generalized expectation maximization algorithm, with its validity established theoretically through rigorous proof and numerically through extensive simulation. The proposed model is then applied to the PREDICT-HD data to identify predictors of the TFC decline.
Keywords
GLMM, Longitudinal data, Misspecification, Mixed Model, Porportional likelihood ratio model
Pages
x, 112 pages
Bibliography
Includes bibliographical references (pages 108-112).
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 Hongqian Wu
Recommended Citation
Wu, Hongqian. "Proportional likelihood ratio mixed model for longitudinal discrete data." PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) thesis, University of Iowa, 2016.
https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.lrb1o573